Optimization is a fundamental concept in operations research, representing the systematic process of finding the best possible solution to a problem among a set of feasible alternatives. It is a mathematical and computational approach that aims to maximize or minimize an objective function while adhering to a set of constraints. Optimization techniques are employed in various fields, including engineering, economics, logistics, and management, to improve decision-making processes and resource allocation.
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In summary, optimization is a core concept in operations research, providing a systematic framework for decision-makers to find the most favorable solutions to complex problems, balancing competing objectives and constraints. It plays a crucial role in improving efficiency, productivity, and the overall quality of decision-making processes across various domains.